Metallography

In welding, metallography is mainly used for the qualitative evaluation of welded joints, e.g. with regard to penetration geometry and weld build-up. Moreover, metallography serves the purpose of detection and evaluation of the structural composition, the hard region and possible diffusion phenomena and micro cracks, which also exert a negative influence on the quality of the welded joint.

Macroscopy

Macroscopy has a large range of applications in the field of welding. In welded joints, larger gas pores, root defects and lacks of fusion can be detected through macro-sections without further treatment of the sections. After etching, the penetration conditions, the weld shape and build-up, the segregated zones, the width of the heat affected zone and also the direction of crystallization in the weld metal are determined by macro-sections. These parameters habe considerable informative value in regard to the quality of the weld.

Microscopy

Another testing method is the preparation of micro-sections. The evaluation of structures stands in the centre of microscopy. The structural evaluation of a material is not a measurement from which through calculations property values are derived. Also the classification of the quality of welded joints is not possible. However, the different structural components and also their areal portions and other properties which characterise the structure can be determined by means of different etching methods. General guidelines for the classification of weld quality serve also the purpose of the classification of shape, size and quantity of non-metallic inclusions. From a structural change as a consequence of metallurgical reactions measures for the improvement of welded joints can be derived or cases of damage may be clarified.

Prices - Metallography & Material Testing

Setting-up the equipment	100,-- €
per X-ray	25,-- €

Prices: Metallographic Testing

Metallographic section 1" and 1,5"
Basic charge: Preparation incl. digital recordings	120,-- €
Additional preparation	on a time and material basis
Addition micro and macro digital records, incl. print-out	on a time and material basis
Macro-section incl. macro digital recording	40,-- €
Hardness tests according to Rockwell HRC, Brinell HB and Vickers HV (> HV 2) up to 5 measuring points	35,-- €
Hardness tests according to Rockwell HRC, Brinell HB and Vickers HV with more than 5 measuring points incl. diagram and print-out	on a time and material basis
Computer-assisted micro hardness testing according to Vickers (HV 0,005 up to HV 2) up to 20 measuring points incl. print-out	150,-- €
Computer-assisted micro hardness testing according to Vickers (HV 0,005 up to HV 2) with more than 20 measuring points incl. print-out	on a time and material basis
Image analysis evaluations	on a time and material basis
Scanning electron microscopy – REM & EDX	200,--€/hour
Overviews or detailled views in various positions	on a time and material basis
The prices for single images are quoted only in connection with the metallographic work which has been carried out in the ISF and are thus to be understood as a calculation basis within the scope of a complete order.
The specimen preparations for the work mentioned above are subject to discussion in detail when the order is accepted, calculation will be carried out on a time and material basis.
Stand: 2012